Abstract: Reciprocating refrigeration compressor is widely used in refrigeratory industry, and it is the source of noise. In order to study the noise characteristics of reciprocating compressor, the characteristics of suction and exhaust flow field in the working process are numerically simulated. The sound source information of flow field is imported into the acoustic software LMS Virtual. Lab. Based on the jet noise theory, the dipole sound source and turbulent quadrupole sound source caused by wall pressure fluctuation are analyzed in the exhaust process. The variation law and radiation characteristics are studied. Finally, the radiation directivity of suction and exhaust noise of compressor is obtained. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of low noise refrigeration compressor.