Abstract: In order to evaluate the noise reduction effect of continuous descent operations (CDO) compared with traditional stepped descent procedures, as well as the noise generated by different vertical navigation descent modes within CDO, an aircraft trajectory simulation model considering different vertical navigation descent modes is constructed based on the Base of Aircraft Data (BADA) model. Combined with the Noise-Power-Distance (NPD) curve, a noise evaluation model is established based on the trajectory model, and its accuracy is verified using the Integrated Noise Model (INM) software. Taking the B737-800 model as an example, the noise generated by different vertical navigation descent modes is evaluated. The results show that, compared with traditional stepped descent, continuous descent operations require a smaller lateral distance and generate a smaller noise area. Among the vertical navigation descent modes, the constant speed mode produces the smallest noise area. High-decibel noise is mostly generated during the low-altitude phase—not only because the slant distance is smaller at low altitudes, but also because the landing gear, spoilers, and the flap configuration with the highest drag are deployed during this phase, resulting in increased aircraft thrust. This research can provide support for noise reduction optimization of arrival flight procedures in airport terminal areas.