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热振协同的换能器渐开线翅片设计与实验验证

Design and Experimental Validation of Thermo-Vibration Coupled Transducer Involute Fins

  • 摘要: 针对夹心式压电换能器节面偏移和散热难题,提出基于节面位置优化的渐开线型散热翅片设计。通过仿真和实验对比无翅片、直线型及渐开线型翅片性能:仿真显示,渐开线型翅片振幅仅降低5.5%(直线型降低20.7%),谐振频率误差仅增加1.25%(直线型增加1.66%);1000 W/m2 热流下,其最高温度较直线型低 2.76%,表面空气平均流速提升 40.6%。实验结果表明,三种结构的谐振频率仿真与实验误差均小于1.7%,渐开线型振幅 18.33 μm(接近无翅片 19.33 μm),显著优于直线型 15 μm;自然冷却(85 ℃降至 25 ℃)与升温实验中,较直线型效率分别提升了16.39%与14.31%。该设计实现振动性能与散热效果协同优化,为高性能压电换能器开发提供有效方案。

     

    Abstract: To address the challenges of nodal plane offset and heat dissipation in sandwich piezoelectric transducers, a cycloidal heat-dissipation fin design—optimized according to the nodal plane position—is proposed. The performance of three configurations—no fins, straight fins, and cycloidal fins—was compared through simulations and experiments. Simulation results show that cycloidal fins reduce the vibration amplitude by only 5.5% (compared with 20.7% for straight fins) and increase the resonant frequency error by merely 1.25% (compared with 1.66% for straight fins). Under a heat flux of 1000 W/m2, the maximum temperature achieved with cycloidal fins is 2.76% lower than that with straight fins, and the average air velocity over the fin surface increases by 40.6%. Experimental verification shows that the simulation–experiment discrepancies in resonant frequency for all three configurations remain below 1.7%. The amplitude attained with cycloidal fins (18.33 μm) is close to that of the finless configuration (19.33 μm) and significantly exceeds that of the straight-finned configuration (15 μm). In natural cooling tests (cooling from 85 ℃ to 25 ℃) and heating experiments, the *cycloidal* fins improved thermal efficiency by 16.39% and 14.31%, respectively, compared with straight fins. This design achieves collaborative optimization of vibration performance and heat dissipation, providing an effective solution for developing high-performance piezoelectric transducers.

     

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