Abstract: The measurement of elasticity of biological samples can provide the basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this paper, the elasticity of biological samples is measured by indentation method. The indentation process is simulated by finite element software. Results indicate that the thickness of the sample influences the measurement of the elasticity. The measurement error is 0.74% when the thickness of the specimen is 75 times of the indentation depth. The effect of indentation velocity on elasticity measurement has also been studied. It is found that there is a certain difference between the measured result and the true Young's modulus due to the effect of friction when the indentation velocity is high. The elasticity of the sample can be accurately calculated when the friction has been taken into account and the error of the calculated modulus is 5% or less relative to the true modulus.