Abstract: The changes of cortical bone parameters can reflect the health of bone, so a dispersion energy matching algorithm is proposed to invert cortical bone parameters. Firstly, the dispersion curve database under predefined parameters is calculated by the dispersion characteristic equation; Secondly, the sound field model of cortical bone is established by using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, the simulated time domain signal is estimated through the power spectrum to obtain the dispersion energy information and it is matched with the database, then, the thickness of the cortical bone, the longitudinal wave velocity and the transverse wave velocity are obtained by analyzing the energy value of the matching result. The simulation results show that compared with the theoretical value, the average relative error of thickness is 3.8%, and the average relative errors of longitudinal wave velocity and transverse wave velocity are 0.6% and 0.9% respectively. The parameter inversions for three groups of isolated bovine tibial cortical bones are performed. The in vitro experimental results show that the relative error of thickness is 4.9% compared with the real value, and the experimental dispersion curve is consistent with the theoretical dispersion curve obtained from the inversion. The inversion algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively obtain the thickness, transverse wave velocity and longitudinal wave velocity of cortical bone, so as to provide a reliable basis for evaluating bone health.