Abstract: The challenges of underground coal mining include early warning of dangers, equipment fault maintenance, and information communication in complex environments. Acoustic technology, with its capability to provide real-time insights into complex dynamic environments underground and its prominent information-carrying ability, has become a promising technological field in the intelligent development of coal mining. In this context, this paper overviews the intelligent applications of acoustic technology in underground coal mining, such as disaster prevention and environment monitoring, underground personnel positioning, information communication and human-computer interaction, coal-rock recognition and coal gangue separation, mechanical equipment fault diagnosis and monitoring, underground acoustic measurement and noise control, etc. Finally, the hot research areas of underground acoustic technology are discussed, and future development directions are proposed.