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贯通式背腔的多层穿孔板低频宽带吸声体

Low frequency broadband sound absorber via multi-layer perforated plate with through-back cavity

  • 摘要: 声学多孔材料常用于噪声控制,但在低频段效果不佳,无法突破低频高效吸声难关。穿孔板吸声体因其在共振频率下强吸声能力而被提出,而普通穿孔板作为低频吸声材料,结构吸声带宽有限,通常另外需增加多孔吸声材料与腔体以提高性能。微穿孔板可以在不与其他材料相结合下达到良好的吸声效果,但强色散的特性限制了其带宽。为拓宽频带,本研究采用一种新型背腔设计思路,提出了一种新型宽带吸声体结构,通过仿真验证其声学性能并计算在漫散射声场中的外场分布,实现了在380-2000 Hz频段内的近完美宽带吸声效果。平均吸声系数达到0.91。

     

    Abstract: Acoustic porous materials are generally applied to noise control, but they are ineffective in the low-frequency band, which cannot break through the difficulty of efficient sound absorption in the low-frequency. Perforated plate acoustic absorber is proposed because of its strong acoustic absorption ability at resonance frequency, and ordinary perforated plate is limited in bandwidth due to its structure as low-frequency acoustic absorber, and additionally needs to be combined with porous acoustic absorber or cavity to improve the performance. Microperforated plates can achieve good acoustic absorption without combining with other materials, but the strong dispersion characteristics limit their bandwidth. In order to broaden the bandwidth, in this research, a new back-cavity design concept is adopted, and a new broadband sound absorber structure is proposed, and its acoustic performance is verified by simulation and the external field distribution is calculated in the diffuse scattering acoustic field, which realizes the near-perfect broadband acoustic absorption effect in the frequency band of 380-2000 Hz. The average sound absorption coefficient reaches 0.91.

     

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