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车用座椅排气阀气动噪声特性与影响因素研究

Investigation of the aerodynamic noise characteristics and influencing factors of a vehicle seat exhaust valve

  • 摘要: 采用了大涡模拟和Lighthill声类比的混合方法,对某车用按摩座椅气路控制系统中的排气电磁阀的排气噪声进行了数值模拟,并与实验数据进行了比较,对比结果表明数值模拟结果可靠。分析了排气噪声的频谱特性、分布情况和指向性,研究了入口压力、阀芯安装角度、阀芯高度和排气口直径对电磁阀排气噪声的影响规律。结果表明,排气噪声属于宽频噪声;噪声源主要分布在电磁阀内部;排气噪声有指向性,主要指向排气方向;排气噪声随入口压力的增大而增大,且主要是高频部分增大;阀芯高度对气动噪声无明显影响;阀芯安装角度和排气口直径越大,排气噪声越大。所做研究对车用按摩椅排气电磁阀的优化与降噪设计具有一定参考价值。

     

    Abstract: A hybrid method combining large eddy simulation and Lighthill’s acoustic analogy was employed to simulate the exhaust noise generated by the solenoid valve in the air path control system of a car massage seat. Comparison with experimental data demonstrates that the numerical simulation results are reliable. The frequency spectrum, spatial distribution, and directivity of the exhaust noise were analyzed, and the effects of inlet pressure, valve core installation angle, valve core height, and exhaust port diameter on the exhaust noise of the solenoid valve were investigated. The results indicate that the exhaust noise is broadband in nature, with the primary noise source located inside the solenoid valve. The noise exhibits directionality, predominantly radiating in the exhaust direction. Exhaust noise increases with rising inlet pressure, particularly in the high-frequency range. Valve core height has no significant effect on aerodynamic noise. Larger valve core installation angles and larger exhaust port diameters result in higher exhaust noise levels. This study provides a reference for the optimization and noise reduction design of solenoid valves used in car massage seats.

     

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