Abstract: Currently, the payload capacity of the autonomous underwater vehicle used for polar exploration is limited, and the acoustic payload has problems such as high power consumption and low utilization of the payload platform. This article designs an integrated system for underwater acoustic positioning and communication under ice, studies the integrated signal transmission scheme, and designs the hardware unit to meet the requirement of integrated lightweight. The equipment was tested in the Songhua Lake ice area, Jilin in March 2024. The data were analyzed and processed using PHAT-weighted generalized cross-correlation delay estimation, and results such as positioning error and communication error rate were provided. This article can provide methods and ideas for the design of an integrated system for underwater acoustic positioning and communication under ice and has a certain reference value for conducting underwater acoustic positioning, communication, and detection research.