Abstract: At present, reducing the noise impact of aircraft on the surrounding environment has become key to airports’ sustainable development and to balancing economic benefits with social responsibilities. This paper reviews domestic and international experiences and practices in civil aircraft noise control, and selects Airport A—a major airport located in a densely populated coastal city in China—as a case study. Based on its flight schedule for a representative week, a noise prediction model is constructed. Focusing on aircraft fleet modernization, this study explores technical pathways and implementation strategies for noise mitigation. The prediction results show that, assuming all other factors—including the total number of flights—remain unchanged, replacing 50% of older aircraft models with their newer, quieter counterparts reduces the areas enclosed by the 70 dB and 75 dB noise contour lines at Airport A by 0.453 km² and 0.187 km², respectively. These findings demonstrate that aircraft model replacement yields significant noise reduction benefits.