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一种可去除测深侧扫脚印移动效应的多子阵算法

A Multi-subarray Algorithm for the Mitigation of Shifting Footprint Effects in Bathymetry Side-scan Sonar

  • 摘要: 脚印移动效应显著影响测深侧扫声呐正下方及远处区域的测深精度,并限制了设备测深精度的提升与作用范围。针对这一问题,本文结合多子阵处理与重采样技术,提出一种首先初步估计底方位,再在子阵波束形成中引入重采样配准,最后使用高分辨方位估计Matrix Pencil方法,实现对水底精确探测。仿真表明该算法可有效抑制脚印移动现象的不利影响。湖上试验数据表明,该算法能显著降低测深点均方误差,在正下方区域相对测深精度平均提升约150%。以上结果表明,本文所提算法整体上结合波束形成稳健特性和高分辨方位估计精度高的优点,可有效增加目前测深侧扫声呐的有效扫测宽度和精度。

     

    Abstract: The shifting footprint effect significantly degrades bathymetric accuracy in the nadir region of bathymetric side-scan sonar (BSSS), thereby limiting improvements in depth measurement precision and operational range. To address this issue, this paper integrates multi-subarray processing with resampling techniques and proposes a novel method. The approach first estimates seabed orientation preliminarily. Subsequently, a resampling-based registration operation is incorporated into the subarray beamforming process. Finally, the high-resolution Matrix Pencil (MP) method is applied to achieve precise seabed detection. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm effectively mitigates the adverse effects of the shifting footprint phenomenon. Lake trial data show that the algorithm significantly enhances bathymetric performance in the nadir region, yielding an average reduction in relative depth measurement error of up to 150%. These results indicate that the proposed algorithm synergistically combines the robustness of beamforming with the high angular resolution of advanced estimation methods, thereby effectively increasing both the effective swath width and the depth measurement precision of current BSSS systems.

     

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