Abstract: Under the 1.17 MHz continuous-wave ultrasound exposure, we make experimental comparisons of hemolysis, osmotic fragility and lipid peroxidation for both human erythrocyte and chicken erythrocyte dilute suspensions. Results demonstrate that ultrasound exposure at low sound intensities leads to slight increases in hemolysis, osmotic fragility and lipid peroxidation due to the effect of shear stress. However, a significant increase of hemolysis and even rupture of cell can be observed as the ultrasound intensity exceeds the cavitation threshold. The level of the cavitation threshold for chicken erythrocyte suspensions is higher than that for human red cell suspensions, suggesting that the cavitation threshold is associated with not only acoustic irradiation parameters, but also cell size and structure.