超声对提取海藻二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸的影响
Various factors in ultrasonic extraction of DHA and EPA from algae and effect of ultrasound enhancement
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摘要: 二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和二十碳五烯酸(EPA)具有许多重要的生理活性和营养学功能。通过实验研究了提取温度、料液比、超声功率、频率以及提取时间对超声提取海藻DHA和EPA影响和超声提取的效果,结果表明,适当提高提取温度、溶剂量、超声功率或延长提取时间,DHA和EPA提取率随之提高。当超声功率为50W时,随着超声频率增加,DHA和EPA提取率反而降低。相同料液比时,55℃超声法提取1h比65℃溶剂法提取2h的DHA和EPA提取率提高25%～44%。不同料液比时,当料液比为1:4.5,超声法提取1h,DHA和EPA的提取率分别为79.48%、81.52%;而溶剂法料液比为1:5.5,提取2h时,DHA、EPA的提取率分别仅为63.57%、64.87%。超声提取不仅降低了提取温度、减少了提取时间和提取溶剂量,而且使DHA和EPA提取率明显提高。Abstract: Docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) have many important physiological activities and nutritional functions.Influence of various factors on ultrasonic extraction of DHA and EPA from algae and the effect of ultrasound enhancement were studied experimentally.The factors studied include extraction temperature,ratio of algae′s mass to solvent volume(RMV),ultrasound power,and frequency and extraction time.The results indicated that DHA and EPA extraction yields increased respectively with the increase of extraction temperature,solvent quantity,ultrasound power,and extraction time.However they decreased with rising frequency at 50W ultrasound power.Under the same RMV,the extraction yields by ultrasonic extraction 1h at 55 C were higher by 25%~44% than that by solvent extraction 2h at 65 C.With different RMV,DHA and EPA extraction yields by ultrasound extraction 1h at 1:4.5 of RMV were 79.48% and 81.52% respectively.Compared with this,yields by solvent extraction 2h at 1:5.5 of RMV were only 63.57% and 64.87%.Ultrasound not only reduced extraction temperature,time and solvent quantity,but also increased DHA and EPA extraction yield.
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